What Causes Lupus?
The cause of lupus is unknown, but scientists believed it to be a result from genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. These include: (3)
- Genetic factors: Lupus tends to run in families, and research has identified several genes that may increase the risk of developing the disease.
- Environmental factors: Certain environmental triggers, such as infections, sunlight, medications, and chemicals, can cause lupus or exacerbate existing symptoms.
- Hormonal factors: Lupus is more common in women than men, suggesting that hormonal factors may play a role. Some studies have shown that estrogen and other hormones can trigger or worsen lupus symptoms.
- Immune system dysfunction: Lupus is an autoimmune disease, which means that the immune system attacks the body’s own cells and tissues. In lupus, the immune system produces antibodies that attack healthy tissues, leading to inflammation, pain, and organ damage.
- Viruses and bacteria: Some infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis C, have been linked to an increased risk of developing lupus.
- Medications: Certain medications, such as hydralazine, procainamide, and quinidine, have been known to cause drug-induced lupus. This type of lupus usually resolves when the medication is stopped.
- Stress: Although stress alone does not cause lupus, it can trigger or worsen symptoms in people who already have the disease.